منابع مشابه
Intelligence and childlessness.
Demographers debate why people have children in advanced industrial societies where children are net economic costs. From an evolutionary perspective, however, the important question is why some individuals choose not to have children. Recent theoretical developments in evolutionary psychology suggest that more intelligent individuals may be more likely to prefer to remain childless than less i...
متن کاملDeath and Suicide in Universal Artificial Intelligence
Reinforcement learning (RL) is a general paradigm for studying intelligent behaviour, with applications ranging from artificial intelligence to psychology and economics. AIXI is a universal solution to the RL problem; it can learn any computable environment. A technical subtlety of AIXI is that it is defined using a mixture over semimeasures that need not sum to 1, rather than over proper proba...
متن کاملRace/ethnicity and potential suicide misclassification: window on a minority suicide paradox?
BACKGROUND Suicide officially kills approximately 30,000 annually in the United States. Analysis of this leading public health problem is complicated by undercounting. Despite persisting socioeconomic and health disparities, non-Hispanic Blacks and Hispanics register suicide rates less than half that of non-Hispanic Whites. METHODS This cross-sectional study uses multiple cause-of-death data ...
متن کاملChildlessness in the UK
Levels of childlessness in Britain are higher than in many other European countries, with just under one in five British women currently reaching age 45 with no biological children of her own. This chapter provides new insights in two ways. First, by combining childbearing data from repeated rounds of the General Household Survey and the United Kingdom Household Panel Survey the chapter examine...
متن کاملManagement of involuntary childlessness.
Any definition of involuntary childlessness has to consider the difference between sterility and subfertility. As the latter affects about 20-30% of all couples at least once in their lives, general practitioners (GPs) may be the first to be confronted with this problem. This review presents the most relevant diagnostic and therapeutic options in cases of female or male infertility, and discuss...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of the American Medical Association
سال: 1907
ISSN: 0002-9955
DOI: 10.1001/jama.1907.25320060007001b